Automatic hatchway-guard



2 SheetsSheet 1.

W. S. MORTON.

AUTOMATIC HATOHWAY GUARD.

(No Model.)

Patented June 16,- 1885.

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

W. S. MORTON.

AUTOMATIC HATOHWAY GUARD.

Patented June 16, 1885.

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UNITED TATES XVALTER SCOTT MORTON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA.

AUTOMATIC HATCHWAY-GUARD.

SIECIPICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 320,083, dated June 16, 1885.

Application died May 6, 1885. (N0 model.)

T 0 all whom, it may concern.-

Be it known that I, \VALTER SCOTT Moa- TON, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of St. Paul, in the county of Ramsey and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Hatch way-Guards, of which the following is aspecifieation.

Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a section of two floors of a building with my improved guards arranged in connection with an eleva tor therein. Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of one of the floors with doors closed over the hatchway and one of the tracks of the automatic closing mechanism in cross-sections on the line 00 0c of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a front view of the track of the automatic closing mechanism. Fig. 4 is a detailsimilar to Fig. 1, showing more clearly the automatic door-operating mechanism. Figs. 5, G, 7, and 8 are views similar to Fig. 2, showing slight variations in the manner of arranging the doors. Fig. 9 is a sectional side view of Fig. 8.

This invention relates to the hatchways of elevators in buildings, especially to that class known as freight-elevators, and used to convey goods from door to floor; and it consists in the construction, combination, and arrangement of parts, as hereinafter shown and described.

In the drawings, A A represent two floors of a building, and B B the elevator guides or leaders running up through the open hatchway 0 O in the ordinary manner.

D is the elevator-platform, having the usual side guides, D" D", and the top cross-bar or head, D", the latter being partially shown only in Fig. 4.

Attached to one or both of the leaders B or H, in an upright position beneath each of the floors of the building, is a track, E, composed of sides 1- back r, and with the front formed of two metal plates, 1' 1' attached to the sides T 9- leaving a space between their inner edges. In each of these tracks E a traveler, F, is adapted to be moved up and down. Each of these travelers has anti friction rollers a upon its ends adapted to run in contact with the inner faces of the fronts 0" 1- and backs 1- and each traveler also has an arm, F projecting out through the space between the front bars,

0" '1', and armed with an anti-friction roller, a The lower ends of each of the tracks E are curved backward, as shown, so that when the travelers F run down to the bottoms of the tracks they will run around into these backwardly-curving sections and throw the arm F with its roller (6, back of a line even with the faces of the fronts r" and 1- as hereinafter set forth.

Each of thehatchways will be provided with two or more hinged doors, and each of the doors will be connected to one of the travelers F by a chain, Z), passing from the door beneath a sheave, b in abracket, I), on theleaders B B or other suitable parts, and thence up over a sheave, I), in the top of each of the tracks E and down to the travelers F. By this means it will be readily understood that the movement of the traveler upward and downward in the tracks will raise andlower the doors.

The elevator-platform D is provided with a standard, D, from the top of which a curved bar or bow, D, leads, and is bent over and at tached at d to the head D, the function of this bow being to strike the under sides of the doors and open them when the elevator-plat form is running upward, as shown in the upper part of Fig. 4. There will be as many of these bows D D on each platform as there are doors to each hatchway-openiug.

The action of the bows in raising the doors will slacken up the chains 1) and allow the travelers F to fall down into the lower backward-curved sections of the tracks E, so that the roller (6 will be clear of the standard D and the platform D of the elevator as it rises through the hatchway. The chain 1/, connecting the traveler with the doors, and the lengths of the track E, and the point at which the chain Z) is fastened to the door, will be so adjusted that this position of the traveler in the baelnvardcurved section will occur when the door is in an upright position, as shown in Fig. 4. Then when the elevator-platform in rising passes above the roller a it will be above the upper edge of the door to the hatchway through which it has just passed, and in moving up past the roller a the door will begin to fall again by its own gravity, and the roller a will pass beneath the platform and I leaders B B will follow the platform upward, the door in the meantime taking up the slack of the chain and falling slowly back and covering the hatchway just as fast as the elevator ascends.

The elevator in passing up will leave the traveler at the top track, this position of the traveler occurring when the door of the hatchway is down or closed. Then in descending (the doors being closed) the elevator-platform will strike the roller a and force the traveler F downward in the track E, thereby opening the door, the traveler running around into the backwardly-curved seetionof the track and bringing the roller a out of the way of the platform, as shown in Fig. 4, this action throwing the door back so that the elevatorplatform will pass it in descending. Then as the elevator continues to descend the door will fall of its own weight against the standard D and bow D and follow the bows downward and gradually close above the elevatorplatform.

Attached to the lower part of the platform D are one or more inclined stop or trip bars, D which are intended to strike the upper edges of the hatchway-doors as the travelers descend and force them backward in event of the doors not being thrown far enough back by the action of the travelers and chains to clear the platform. The free or outer edges of the doors will be provided with frictionrollers 12, against which the tripbars -D will strike, and thus reduce the friction. The inclined stop or trip bars D thus obviate the necessity for close relative adjustment of the chains and travelers, and insure the doors being thrown backward clear of the platform whether the chains are exactly adjusted or not.

Springs to will be attached to the leaders B B at points near the upper ends of the doors when they are open and adapted to press against the doors when thus open and hold them with some slight degree of pressure against the standards D, so that as the eleva tor-platform passes them the springs will push the doors over to some extent, so that their centers of gravity will be overcome, and thus cause them to fall shut, even if raised past their centers of gravity.

I have shown in the drawings several variations in the manner of arranging and hanging the hatehway-doors, the principal object to be gained being the entire closing of the hatchway with as small an amount of mechanism and as few doors as possible.

In Fig. 2 I have shown two doors, M M arranged with their contiguous edges in the form of a diagonal joint, the diagonal edge of one door running from the inner edge of one leader, B, to the outer edge of the oppositeleader, B as shown, and the edges g 3 on which the hinges are placed, will be formed at right angles to these contiguous diagonal edges, so that when the doors M M are open each will fold back at an angle clear of the The doors will be made to fit eler F, the track and traveler of the farther door being shown in dottedlines behind the leader B. Generally one of these tracks and its accompanying traveler will be arranged for each.

door, but by a system of pulleys and chains, very easily to be understood, one track and one traveler may be made to do duty for all the doors of each floor if necessary.

In Fig. 5 a slight variation is shown in .the manner of arranging the doors, the doors M M" being arranged to fit over the hatchway on each side of the leaders B B leaving a space between the leaders uncovered. 1 I then fit in over this space between the leaders two diagonally-hinged narrow doors or leaves, M M, the ends of these leaves being hinged at right angles to these contiguous edges in the same manner as the doors in Fig. 2. In this construction, when the main doors are elevated,

the leaves M M are raised with them, the doors M M rising in a straight line and the leaves M M sliding over them and rising at an angle to clear the leaders B B In Fig. 6 the doors are arranged in precisely the same manner as in Fig. 2; but in this figure an arrangement is shown to overcome a difficulty often met with in putting in the guards where the hatchways are close to a solid wall or in a corner, and too near the wall or the corner to enable the diagonally set or hinged doors, as shown in Fig. 2, to fold back, it of course being understood that the outer free corner, z, of each of the doors, as shown in Fig. 2, in rising projects beyond the corners z" of the hatchway, and such a door could not be used where the hatch way comes close to the wall, as shown in Fig. 6. To overcome this difficulty I cut off a section of the door M next to the wall, as indicated by the dotted lines at, so that the outer free corner, 2, when the door is raised, will not project beyond the point z of the hatchway. Then I place over the opening left by the cutting off V of the door a leaf or small door, M and hinge it at one end, as at n, by hinges n", and at an angle to the main portion of the leaf, so that when the cut-off door is raised the leaf M will rise with the door, and being hinged at an angle, its free end will be moved away from the wall. It frequently happens that jogs or projections occur in the walls of buildings close to the elevator-openings, as indicated at t in Fig. 6, and this arrangement of doors and leaves will be found very advantageous under such circumstances;

In Fig. 7 three doors are shown-one large door, M, covering one-half of the hatchway and the space between the leaders, and hinged at its rear end and adapted to fold backward away from the leaders, and two smaller doors, M M, at the sides of the hatchway in front of the leaders, and adapted to fold up in the opposite direction and at right angles to the door. This arrangement will be found convenient where only one side of the hatchway is used; or, in other words, where the freight is taken in and off at one side only of the elevatorplatform, but cannot be used in elevators so arranged that freight is taken off from the platform from both sides. Vhen this construction is used, thelarge door M will be made to underlap the smaller doors M M slightly, as indicated by the dotted lines t, to form a central support for the smaller doors, and the doors M and M will be made to underlap or overlap each other, as indicated by dotted lines f, so that one will support the other. In this case it will be necessary to so arrange the chains 1) connecting the doors with the travelers that the doors M and M will rise slightly in advance of the door Mto clear it before the latter begins to rise.

In Figs. 8 and 9 still another form of door or doors is shown, which may be used to advantage under some circumstances. The main doors M and DP in this case will be hinged in the same manner as in Fig. 5, leaving an open space between the leaders, and with a smaller door or leaf, M, hinged by one edge to the door M and adapted to fold over and rest with its free edge upon the door M and thus cover the space between the leaders. Attached to this leaf is a segment, P, to which the chain Z) is attached, and running backward over a sheave, P", and thence to the sheave b on its way to the traveler F.

In Figs. 8 and 9 the doors M and M are shown closed, and when the chain begins to pull on the doors to open them the chains b connecting the leaf M before it begins to act on the door M, will, by the manner of its connection, first pull up the leaf until the back edge of the segment P strikes the door M, then the main door will begin to rise.

The form of the segment 011 the door M will allow'it to be opened far enough so that when the door rises the leaf will not strike theleader B or Bi Then when the door M closes again the leaf ill will fall of its own weight into its former position.

The leaf M in Fig. 8 and the large door M in Fig. 7 will be provided with a slot, to, to fit around the hoistingcable.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new is- 1. A hoisting-elevator provided with hinged door or doors adapted to cover its hatehways, a platform, D, adapted to be moved upward and downward through said hatehways, and

having bows D above it to open said doors as said platform moves upward, one or more stationary tracks, E, to each of said hatchways, the lower portions of each of said tracks being curved backward away from said platform, a traveler, F, in each of said tracks, having an arm, F projecting therefrom beneath said platform and adapted to move upward and downward in said tracks, and each of said travelers connected by chains Z) to the door or doors of its respective hatchway, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, in an elcvatorhatclr way guard, of the leaders ]3 B hoisting-platform consisting of the floor D, side frame, D D", and head I), and provided with the bows D, track E, having its lower part curving backward away from said platform and attached to one of said leaders or other stationary parts of the building in which said elevator is erected, traveler F, within said track and having arm F and anti-friction rollers a. a door or doors M M hinged to the sides of the hatchway-openings, and a chain, 1), leading over suitable sheaves or pulleys from said door or doors t) said traveler, substantially as set forth.

3. The combination, in an elevator-hatchway guard, of the leaders B B, hoisting-platform consisting of the floor D, side frame, I) D, and head D, and provided with the bows D, inclined trip-bars IT, track E, having its lower part curving backward away from said platform and attached to one of said leaders or other stationary parts of the building in which said elevator is erected, traveler F, within said track and having arm F and antifriction rollers a a door or doors H M", hinged to the sides of the hatehway-openings, spring 10, attached to one of said leaders or other stationary parts of said elevator and adapted to press against said door or doors when they are open, and a chain, 1), leading over suitable sheaves or pulleys from said door or doors to said traveler, substantially as set forth.

4:. In a hatchway-guard, two doors, M M hinged to opposite sides of the hatchway-openings and at an angle thereto, and with a diagonal joint along their contiguous edges, the diagonal edge of one door running from the side face of one leader to the opposite side of the other leader, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the doors of the hatchway-openings of elevators, of one or more auxiliary leaves hinged at an angle to said doors or to said hatchway-openings, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VALTER SCOTT MORTON.

\Vitnesses:

R. Wnrmenn, C. N. WoonwAno.

too 

